Ti e di, pasi kam kaluar m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00ebzet vjet n\u00eb industrin\u00eb e materialeve refraktare, duke eksperimentuar me t\u00eb gjitha llojet e materialeve q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb temperatura t\u00eb zjarrta dhe kushte t\u00eb ashpra, kam zhvilluar nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb p\u00ebr karbidi i silikonit t\u00eb lidhur me nitrid. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb lloji i teknologjis\u00eb spektakolare q\u00eb diskutohet n\u00eb TED Talks, por n\u00eb p\u00ebrditshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e fabrikave dhe impianteve, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shp\u00ebtimtar. Kjo substanc\u00eb kombinon q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e karbomit t\u00eb silikonit me nj\u00eb lidh\u00ebs nitridi q\u00eb e b\u00ebn at\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht rezistent, dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb element thelb\u00ebsor p\u00ebr k\u00ebdo q\u00eb punon n\u00eb mjedise ekstreme. Ajo q\u00eb m\u00eb p\u00eblqen tek ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb se zgjidh problemet pa shum\u00eb buj\u00eb\u2014mbulesa m\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme, m\u00eb pak ndalesa pune, gj\u00ebra t\u00eb tilla. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkrim, do t'ju shpjegoj prej \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb, forcat e tij kryesore, ku p\u00ebrdoret, dhe disa gj\u00ebra p\u00ebr t'u kujdesur, bazuar n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb kam par\u00eb n\u00eb terren. N\u00ebse jeni inxhinier ose teknik q\u00eb po k\u00ebrkoni opsione p\u00ebr sisteme me nxeht\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb, kjo mund t'ju jap\u00eb disa k\u00ebshilla t\u00eb dobishme.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Le t\u00eb fillojm\u00eb me bazat: si formohet SiC i lidhur me nitrid. P\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebsi kryesor \u00ebsht\u00eb karbidi i silicit, ose SiC, i cili prodhohet nga procesi Acheson. Atje merrni r\u00ebr\u00ebn silike dhe karbonin, i nxehni n\u00eb nj\u00eb furr\u00eb t\u00eb madhe elektrike n\u00eb rreth 2000 grad\u00eb Celsius ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb, dhe dalin k\u00ebto kristale t\u00eb forta SiC. Jan\u00eb t\u00eb forta si gozhd\u00ebt. P\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb versionin e lidhur, p\u00ebrzieni ato grimca SiC me pak pluhur silikoni dhe i formoni n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00ebdo q\u00eb ju nevojitet\u2014blloqe, pllaka, ndoshta edhe tuba. Pastaj e pjekni n\u00eb nj\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb t\u00eb pasur me azot, rreth 1400 deri n\u00eb 1500\u00b0C. Silikoni kapet pas azotit dhe kthehet n\u00eb nitrid silikoni, Si3N4, i cili krijon k\u00ebt\u00eb rrjet lidh\u00ebs q\u00eb mban gjith\u00e7ka n\u00eb vend. \u00cbsht\u00eb kryesisht SiC, rreth 85% apo m\u00eb shum\u00eb, me nitridin q\u00eb mbush boshll\u00ebqet. N\u00ebse e shikon me mikroskop, do t\u00eb shoh\u00ebsh k\u00ebto kristale nitridi me form\u00eb gjilp\u00ebre q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtjellin grimcat e SiC, duke krijuar nj\u00eb struktur\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb, por jo shum\u00eb t\u00eb brisht\u00eb. Nuk ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr lidh\u00ebs shtes\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb digjen n\u00eb temperatura t\u00eb larta, gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb avantazh i mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Tani, le t\u00eb shohim se \u00e7far\u00eb e b\u00ebn t\u00eb performoj\u00eb kaq mir\u00eb. Nga ana termike, ky material mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb goditje t\u00eb forta\u2014deri n\u00eb 1650\u00b0C n\u00eb aj\u00ebr, dhe ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb edhe m\u00eb lart n\u00ebse atmosfera \u00ebsht\u00eb reduktuese. Kur oksidohet, formon nj\u00eb shtres\u00eb silike n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe, e cila vepron si mburoj\u00eb kund\u00ebr d\u00ebmtimit t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm. Konduktiviteti termik \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i mir\u00eb, midis 20 dhe 40 vat p\u00ebr met\u00ebr-Kelvin, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb ai p\u00ebrballon rrjedh\u00ebn e nxeht\u00ebsis\u00eb pa probleme n\u00eb pajisje si shk\u00ebmbyesit e nxeht\u00ebsis\u00eb. Shkalla e zgjerimit \u00ebsht\u00eb e ul\u00ebt, rreth 4 her\u00eb 10 n\u00eb minus 6 p\u00ebr \u00e7do grad\u00eb C, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se nuk plaset leht\u00eb kur temperaturat luhaten shum\u00eb. Mekanikisht, \u00ebsht\u00eb i fort\u00eb\u2014me rezistenc\u00eb kompresive mbi 200 megapaskal\u2014dhe jasht\u00ebzakonisht rezistent ndaj g\u00ebrvishtjes sepse SiC \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse po aq i fort\u00eb sa diamanti. Kam n\u00ebnshtruar mostra testeve t\u00eb erozionit me llum t\u00eb shkrir\u00eb, dhe ato dalin duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb t\u00eb paprekura se materialet prej alumine.<\/p>\n
Kimikisht, \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb kampion. Acidet, alkalit\u00eb, metalet e shkrira\u2014nuk e shqet\u00ebsojn\u00eb shum\u00eb. N\u00eb punimet me alumin, ai i reziston fluorideve q\u00eb do t\u00eb hanin t\u00eb tjera refraktare t\u00eb gjalla. Dend\u00ebsia \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 2.7 deri n\u00eb 3.1 gram\u00eb p\u00ebr centimet\u00ebr kubik, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00eb, dhe poroziteti \u00ebsht\u00eb 10 deri n\u00eb 20 p\u00ebr qind, gj\u00eb q\u00eb i lejon t\u00eb marr\u00eb frym\u00eb pak pa u shp\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb. Por kini kujdes: n\u00ebse jeni n\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis me avull mbi 1400\u00b0C, nitridi mund t\u00eb reagoj\u00eb me ujin dhe t\u00eb degradohet. Duhet ta merrni parasysh.<\/p>\n
Ku shfaqet n\u00eb bot\u00ebn reale? N\u00eb shum\u00eb vende. N\u00eb prodhimin e \u00e7elikut, \u00ebsht\u00eb i shk\u00eblqyer p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebt e furr\u00ebs s\u00eb shkrirjes, si zonat p\u00ebrreth tubave t\u00eb ajrit ose oxhakut, ku nxeht\u00ebsia dhe goditjet nga materialet jan\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdueshme. M\u00eb kujtohet nj\u00eb pun\u00eb ku e z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuam veshjen e furr\u00ebs me SiC, dhe ajo zgjati dy her\u00eb m\u00eb gjat\u00eb\u2014nga nevoja p\u00ebr riveshje \u00e7do gjasht\u00eb muaj n\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb vit. Kursime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha aty. P\u00ebr metale si bakri ose alumini, p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb kruzhula dhe kanale; sip\u00ebrfaqja nuk lejon q\u00eb metali t\u00eb ngjitet, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb nuk ka bllokime. N\u00eb qeramik\u00eb, ai krijon mb\u00ebshtetje dhe rafte t\u00eb mira p\u00ebr furr\u00eb q\u00eb nuk shtremb\u00ebrohen n\u00ebn ngarkes\u00eb gjat\u00eb pjekjes n\u00eb temperatura t\u00eb larta.<\/p>\n
Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm industria e vjet\u00ebr. E gjen n\u00eb incenerator\u00eb q\u00eb trajtojn\u00eb gazra t\u00eb d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm, ose n\u00eb reaktor\u00eb kimik\u00eb me materiale korrozive. Koh\u00ebt e fundit e kam par\u00eb n\u00eb teknologji p\u00ebr energji t\u00eb gjelb\u00ebr, si gazifikues biomase ose sisteme diellore. Mund ta form\u00ebsosh n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00ebdo form\u00eb\u2014tulla standarde ose copa t\u00eb personalizuara\u2014dhe ta instalosh me lla\u00e7 special. Kushton m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb fillim, ndoshta pes\u00eb deri n\u00eb dhjet\u00eb dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr kilogram, por shp\u00ebrblehet shpejt n\u00eb situata t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i p\u00ebrsosur. P\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb si duhet k\u00ebrkohet kontroll i kujdessh\u00ebm; n\u00ebse nitrimi nuk kryhet plot\u00ebsisht, krijohen pika t\u00eb dob\u00ebta. Prerja ose g\u00ebrryerja nxjerr pluhur q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb lajm i keq\u2014mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb kancerogjen\u2014prandaj vishni maska dhe p\u00ebrdorni sistem nxjerrjeje. Prodhimi konsumon energji, por riciklimi po p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohet; disa vende rikuperojn\u00eb 70% t\u00eb SiC-s\u00eb nga pjes\u00ebt e vjetra. Hulumtimet gjithashtu po shtyjn\u00eb kufijt\u00eb, si shtimi i substancave p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb rezistent ndaj \u00e7arjeve, ose p\u00ebrdorimi i printimit 3D p\u00ebr t\u00eb reduktuar mbeturinat.<\/p>\n
Duke marr\u00eb parasysh gjith\u00e7ka, karbidi i silikonit i lidhur me nitrid \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga ato materiale q\u00eb thjesht funksionon kur ke nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb. Sipas p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebs sime, ai ka kthyer situata t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara n\u00eb favor, si n\u00eb at\u00eb fabrik\u00eb zinku ku rriti ndjesh\u00ebm efikasitetin. N\u00ebse po mendoni ta p\u00ebrdorni, p\u00ebrputheni me kushtet tuaja\u2014nxeht\u00ebsia, kimikatet, stresi\u2014dhe kontrolloni specifikimet nga kompani si Saint-Gobain. Ka nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhme t\u00eb sigurt nd\u00ebrsa k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb m\u00ebnyra m\u00eb t\u00eb mira dhe m\u00eb miq\u00ebsore me mjedisin p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb gj\u00ebrat.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nitride Bonded Silicon Carbide: A Reliable Ally Against Heat and Wear in Industry You know, after spending over twenty years in the refractories business, tinkering with all sorts of materials that have to stand up to blistering temperatures and harsh conditions, I’ve developed a real appreciation for nitride bonded silicon carbide. It’s not the kind […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buyscialishrx.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buyscialishrx.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buyscialishrx.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buyscialishrx.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buyscialishrx.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/buyscialishrx.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45,"href":"https:\/\/buyscialishrx.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44\/revisions\/45"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buyscialishrx.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buyscialishrx.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buyscialishrx.com\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}